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    A decision evaluated as optimal by expected utility compa... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→It is better to evaluate a decision by comparing its expected utility to the expected utilities of rival decisions.

    A decision evaluated as optimal by expected utility comparison may systematically produce worse outcomes than one guided by rule-following or virtue, undermining the consequentialist rationale for the expected utility framework itself.

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    Key Terms

    Optimal(as the criterion for when a sanction should be applied)
    The best possible outcome or choice given the circumstances—the one that works better than any other alternative.
    Rationale(as used in philosophy and reasoning)
    The underlying reason or logic for why something is justified or makes sense.
    consequentialism(Applied to terrorism and legal punishment)
    The view that practices are judged solely by their consequences, such that a practice is wrong only if it has bad consequences on balance.
    expected utility(Cited as a domain where aggregated probabilities play a key role)
    A calculation that aggregates probability-weighted outcomes to determine the overall value of a decision
    rule-following

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    Start fresh with something unrelated.
    (Kripke's interpretation of Wittgenstein's Private Language Argument)
    Continuing a practice in the same way as a community of like-minded others, such that the community's shared behavior fixes what counts as correct continuation.
    virtue(Valla's voluntarist account of virtue)
    A quality that resides in the will, governing actions to which moral qualifications are assigned.

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    It is better to evaluate a decision by comparing its expected utility to the exp...

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