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It is not the case that A decision procedure that ignores outcome magnitudes in favor of typicality can mandate choices that maximally harm agents in non-typical cases.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Outcome-maximizing procedures face intractable uncertainty about consequences; typicality-based rules provide epistemic stability that consequentialist approaches cannot guarantee.
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2.
Non-typical cases are statistically rare; optimizing for edge cases can systematically worsen outcomes in the typical cases where most harm actually occurs.
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3.
The claim presupposes that decision procedures should handle all imaginable scenarios equally well, but robustness in common cases may rationally outweigh extreme edge cases.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Typicality-based procedures (e.g., rule utilitarianism) ignore actual consequences in edge cases where outcomes diverge dramatically from typical patterns.
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2.
Moral agents have obligations to prevent severe harm when foreseeable, even if the situation is atypical or violates standard decision rules.
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3.
A decision procedure that permits catastrophic outcomes in non-standard cases fails basic adequacy tests for ethical frameworks, regardless of typical-case performance.
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