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It is not the case that A government must separate executive, legislative, and judicial powers in order to provide citizens with the greatest possible liberty.
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Rousseau argued that sovereignty is inalienable and indivisible: splitting legislative power dilutes the general will into mere factional interest.
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2.
A fragmented government cannot enact the unified popular will that genuine republican liberty requires, producing gridlock rather than freedom.
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3.
Liberty under law depends on laws that reflect collective self-governance, which institutional division systematically undermines.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Schmitt demonstrated that in genuine crises, the separation of powers collapses: the sovereign who decides the exception holds all effective power.
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2.
If exceptional circumstances routinely require unified executive action—war, emergency, pandemic—then separated powers describe ordinary politics but not the conditions under which liberty is most threatened.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Every person or body invested with power is apt to abuse it.
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2.
It is necessary from the nature of things that power should be a check to power.
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3.
If different persons or bodies exercise executive, legislative, and judicial powers, each can check the others against abuse.
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