A philosophical method that cannot account for the conditions of its own epistemic enterprise—including the status of logical laws and mathematical truths—fails to provide a complete and coherent theory of knowledge.
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knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.
mathematical truths(contrasted with contingent facts)
Facts about numbers, shapes, and logical relationships that philosophers and mathematicians usually believe are absolutely necessary and can never be false.
philosophical method(Windelband's conception after rejecting the genetic method)
A purely formal method whose axioms or values, on which the validity of judgments is based, cannot be proven but can be shown to be presupposed by the purposes of recognizing truth, beauty, and the good
theory of knowledge(Stumpf, 1891, p. 501)
The discipline limited to the research and justification of the most general and immediately evident truths, such as laws and axioms necessary for knowledge.