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It is not the case that A realistic account of human psychology cannot straightforwardly ground the universal scope and intersubjective validity of moral judgments
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Adam Smith's 'impartial spectator' shows how partial psychological mechanisms can generate impartial normative standards through reflective refinement.
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2.
The psychological origin of a capacity does not determine the normative scope it can achieve when subjected to rational correction and social practice.
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3.
Evolutionary and cultural psychology document the expansion of moral circles over time, demonstrating that local biases are contingently revisable, not structurally fixed.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Hume's sentimentalist program demonstrates that universal moral judgments can be grounded in shared affective responses without requiring motivation that transcends human psychology.
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2.
Intersubjective validity requires only convergence under idealized conditions of calm reflection, not the elimination of situational psychological origins.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Human motivation and psychological mechanisms are always situational, local, and of limited scope
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2.
In-group bias is a universal trait of human psychology
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3.
Universal and intersubjectively valid moral judgments require motivation that transcends situational and local limits
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