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    Carmelics

    A reasoning platform. Break down any belief into clear reasons, explore both sides, and weigh the evidence honestly.

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    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
    Made withinDC&Austin
    Statements
    321,452
    Perspectives
    108,905
    Topics
    42
    Home/Original/inverse
    See Original
    Inverse View

    It is not the case that A sentence S expresses the proposition p if and only if three conditions are satisfied: speakers typically utter S only if they believe p and come to believe p upon hearing S; community members believe this regularity holds; and belief in this regularity (including belief that others share it) gives members reason to perpetuate it.

    ?Set your confidence on the premises below to see your aggregate.

    Reasons For

    2 perspectives
    Reason for 1 of 2
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    • 1.Sentences can express propositions in languages with no community of speakers, such as extinct or artificial languages with a single author.
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    • 2.If proposition-expression requires an actual community regularity, then a solitary speaker's novel sentence expresses nothing, which contradicts compositional semantics.
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    • 3.Grice's foundational work shows sentence meaning reduces to speaker meaning plus conventions, not to descriptive behavioral regularities among populations.
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    Reason for 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Kripke's rule-following considerations demonstrate that no finite pattern of communal behavior can uniquely fix which rule governs an expression's use.
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    • 2.If the regularity described in P1 underdetermines which proposition S expresses, then satisfying all three conditions is insufficient for proposition-expression.
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    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.Speakers typically utter S only if they believe p, and typically come to believe p upon hearing S.
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    • 2.Members of the community believe that the above regularity is true.
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    • 3.The fact that members believe the regularity holds, and believe others believe it too, gives them a good reason to continue acting so as to sustain that regularity.
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    Next step

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    Strongest counterpoint
    Explore the most compelling reason on the other side.