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It is not the case that A sound calculus is necessary for any useful deductive system
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Paraconsistent logics (Priest, da Costa) derive useful conclusions from inconsistent premises without trivializing, yet are technically unsound by classical standards.
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2.
Usefulness in deductive systems is measured by inferential productivity and domain applicability, not solely by preservation of truth across all models.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Gödel's incompleteness theorems demonstrate that any sufficiently powerful sound calculus must be incomplete, sacrificing derivability of true statements.
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2.
A system that cannot prove all truths of its domain fails a core criterion of usefulness, making soundness and usefulness stand in irreducible tension.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
A calculus must never allow erroneous reasonings
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2.
A calculus must not drive us from true hypotheses to false conclusions
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