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    A theory committed to water is not thereby committed to H... — Carmelics
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    Supports→Modal criteria may introduce spurious ontological commitments when there are metaphysically necessary connections between distinct kinds of entity.

    A theory committed to water is not thereby committed to H2O as a separate entity, even if water is necessarily H2O, because modal co-extension doesn't entail ontological multiplication.

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    Key Terms

    Ontology/Ontological(in metaphysics)
    The philosophical study of what actually exists or is real, as opposed to what merely seems to exist or what we can know about things.
    modal(in logic and metaphysics)
    Dealing with possibility and necessity—questions about what could be true, what must be true, and what's merely contingent (could go either way).
    modal co-extension(as used in metaphysics)
    When two things always exist together and could never come apart—they have the same range of possible worlds they appear in. It means they're necessarily identical to each other.
    necessarily H2O(as used in metaphysics)
    Something that *must* be true in all possible worlds—water couldn't exist without being H2O; it's not just a coincidence that they're the same.
    ontological multiplication

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    (as used in metaphysics)
    Counting something twice or treating two names as if they refer to two different things when they're actually the same thing. Philosophers try to avoid this because it's considered wasteful or redundant.

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    2 topics

    Modality & Possibility1 linkedPhilosophy of Language1 linked

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    Modal criteria may introduce spurious ontological commitments when there are met...

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