A universal 'said of many' is an epistemological product of the mind's comparison across instances, whereas demonstrative universality is an ontological feature of the connection between essential cause and effect.

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'said of many'(one type of universal that comes from our mental comparisons): A traditional philosophical phrase meaning a single word or concept that can be truthfully applied to multiple different things.
Epistemological(Describing what type of criterion Descartes's test is): Having to do with how we know things and what counts as real knowledge, rather than questions about what actually exists.
Ontological: "Ontological" refers to questions about what actually exists or is real. It's concerned with the fundamental nature of being—asking "What kinds of things are there?" rather than "How do we know about them?" For example, an ontological question might be whether numbers, ideas, or God actually exist as real things, or if they're just human inventions.
Universal (in philosophy)(metaphysics/logic): Something that applies to all things or all cases, without exceptions or qualifications.

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