An equilibrium sustained by an off-path action that would never be rational given any consistent belief is eliminated by forward induction, undermining the equilibrium's stability.

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Consistent belief(epistemology and logic): A set of ideas about what's true that don't contradict each other and align with available evidence.
Forward Induction(Game theory; contrasted with treating deviations as mere errors): A reasoning process in which players interpret a deviation from a pre-game Backward Induction strategy as potentially informative about the deviating player's future intentions, resources, or type.
Off-path action(game theory): A choice or move that doesn't actually happen in the predicted outcome, but could theoretically occur if someone deviated from the expected strategy.
Rational: # Rational A rational person is someone who makes decisions based on logic and evidence rather than emotions or hunches. Rational thinking means carefully considering the facts, weighing pros and cons, and coming to conclusions that make sense. It's the opposite of acting impulsively or based on feelings alone.

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