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    An 'incomplete substance' that combines with others to fo... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Humans either have several souls, or one substantially composite soul whose parts are 'incomplete' substances that combine to form one 'perfected' soul.

    An 'incomplete substance' that combines with others to form a perfected substance is not a substance at all, but a part—contradicting hylomorphic categories.

    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    1 reason for
    1 reason against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.Substances by definition possess independent existence; anything requiring completion through composition is ontologically dependent, hence not substantial.
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    • 2.Parts are defined as constituents that lose identity when separated; if matter and form cannot exist independently, they are parts, not substances.
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    • 3.Aristotle's hylomorphism requires the composite (form+matter) to be the substance; incomplete principles cannot simultaneously be substances.
      ?

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    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.Incompleteness and substantiality are distinct properties; a substance can be incomplete in actualization while remaining substantial in essence.
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    • 2.Parts (like a brick) retain identity independently; matter and form as metaphysical principles are categorically different from physical components.
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    • 3.Hylomorphism permits substantial principles that are incomplete—actuality completion differs from ontological dependence on physical composition.
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    Connections

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    Consciousness & Mind1 linkedPersonal Identity1 linked

    Related

    Aristotle's hylomorphism requires the composite (form+matter) to be the substanc...Humans either have several souls, or one substantially composite soul whose part...Hylomorphism permits substantial principles that are incomplete—actuality comple...Incompleteness and substantiality are distinct properties; a substance can be in...
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    Parts (like a brick) retain identity independently; matter and form as metaphysi...Parts are defined as constituents that lose identity when separated; if matter a...Substances by definition possess independent existence; anything requiring compl...

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    2 (1 for, 1 against)
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