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    Anne Fausto-Sterling's conflation of intersex variation w... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The sex/gender distinction involves multiple socially constructed categories that interact with one another

    Anne Fausto-Sterling's conflation of intersex variation with sex's social construction commits a category error: statistical exceptions do not destabilize a natural kind's defining criteria.

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    Key Terms

    Anne Fausto-Sterling(as the subject of the philosophical critique)
    A biologist and gender studies scholar known for arguing that sex and gender are more complex and socially influenced than traditionally thought, challenging the idea that biology alone determines these categories.
    Category error(as used in logic and philosophy of language)
    A logical mistake where you apply a rule or concept to something it doesn't actually fit, like using a math formula on a poem.
    Defining criteria(as used in logic and philosophy)
    The key features or requirements that must be present for something to count as a particular thing or belong to a particular category.
    Intersex(as a type of human variation being discussed)
    A biological condition where a person's sex characteristics (chromosomes, hormones, or reproductive organs) don't fit typical definitions of male or female.

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    Social construction(as used in the broader argument of the statement)
    The idea that something we think of as natural or fixed is actually created by society—like how we decide what counts as an 'impairment' based on our values and how we've built things.
    Statistical exceptions(as what the argument says don't destabilize categories)
    Rare cases or outliers that don't fit the typical pattern—like how intersex people are a small percentage of the population.
    natural kind(Used to argue that schizophrenia fails to qualify because it is a heterogeneous conjunction of distinct pathologies, not a unified entity)
    A category that carves nature at its joints — a real, unified class of phenomena sharing a common underlying nature or pathology

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    Personal Identity1 linkedMoral Responsibility1 linked

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    The sex/gender distinction involves multiple socially constructed categories tha...

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