Aristotle's account of virtue requires that moral emotions track objective desert, but guilt and resentment are notoriously unreliable guides—prone to excess, deficiency, and misdirection regardless of actual wrongdoing.
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Guilt(as an example of a moral emotion that may be unreliable)
A painful feeling you have when you believe you've done something wrong. The statement notes that guilt doesn't always match whether you actually did something wrong.
Misdirection(as a way moral emotions can malfunction)
Aiming or directing something at the wrong target; in this case, feeling guilt or resentment toward the wrong person or for the wrong reason.
Track (in philosophy)(used to describe whether emotions accurately reflect reality)
To accurately follow or correspond to something; to be a reliable guide that matches reality. If an emotion 'tracks' desert, it means the emotion matches who actually deserves blame or praise.
moral emotions(Contrasted with institutional commitment maintained through reputational incentives)
Emotional states (such as guilt, shame, or indignation) that motivate adherence to commitments through affective rather than purely rational or reputational mechanisms.
resentment(Proposed within the no-priority view discussion of wrongness)
A specific form of anger conceptually restricted to cases that are founded on moral reasons, particularly wrongness.
virtue(Valla's voluntarist account of virtue)
A quality that resides in the will, governing actions to which moral qualifications are assigned.