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inverse
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Inverse View
It is not the case that Augustine argues in City of God that the will itself can sin through its orientation, independent of overt action or contextual opportunity.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Conflating sinful inclination with actual sin blurs moral responsibility—temptation and desire differ fundamentally from chosen action.
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2.
Without opportunity, behavioral expression, or conscious assent to evil, attributing sin to mere orientation seems to over-internalize morality.
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3.
This doctrine risks making people culpable for unwanted impulses beyond their control, contradicting notions of moral agency and fairness.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Internal orientation of will toward evil constitutes real sin even without external action, as God judges hearts not merely behavior.
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2.
A person can culpably desire what is forbidden regardless of circumstance, making the desire itself morally defective and sinful.
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3.
Augustine's framework explains how sin persists in monasteries and isolated contexts where few overt opportunities exist for wrongdoing.
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