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    Berkeley's system makes regularity derivative from divine... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Berkeley's God performs the same structural role as Kant's things-in-themselves: grounding the regularity of experience without being directly accessible to finite minds.

    Berkeley's system makes regularity derivative from divine intention; Kant grounds it in the a priori forms of sensibility, making the explanatory mechanisms fundamentally different.

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    Key Terms

    Berkeley(as the author being discussed)
    George Berkeley was an Irish philosopher from the 1600s-1700s who argued that physical objects don't exist independently of being perceived—they only exist because someone is thinking about or observing them.
    Derivative(in philosophy)
    Coming from or depending on something else, rather than being fundamental or primary.
    Kant(as used in epistemology and metaphysics)
    Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was an influential German philosopher who argued that our minds shape how we experience reality, and that we can only truly know things as they appear to us, not as they are in themselves.
    a priori(Frege treats 'analytic' as entailing 'a priori' for arithmetic.)
    Knowable independently of empirical experience; here treated as a consequence of analyticity.

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    divine intention(as Berkeley's explanation for why nature appears regular and orderly)
    God's purposes or will—in Berkeley's view, the reason why things appear regular and consistent is because God deliberately maintains that order.
    explanatory mechanisms(comparing how Berkeley and Kant differently explain why nature is orderly)
    The underlying reasons or causes that philosophers point to in order to explain why something is the way it is.
    forms of sensibility(as Kant's explanation for why nature appears regular and orderly)
    According to Kant, the basic mental structures that shape how we perceive anything—like space and time, which organize all our experiences before we even think about them.
    regularity(Violated in de Finetti's lottery when each ticket is assigned probability 0)
    The property of a probability function whereby every possible event (every non-empty set of outcomes) receives positive probability

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    Berkeley's God performs the same structural role as Kant's things-in-themselves:...

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    Berkeley's God performs the same structural role as Kant's things-in-themselves:...

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