Bernard Williams's own defense of partiality concedes it operates outside morality proper, undermining the claim that loyalty constitutes a moral reason rather than a personal one.

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Bernard Williams(as a defender of Humean philosophy): A late 20th-century British philosopher who wrote influential works on ethics, questioning whether morality can be truly objective and exploring the role of personal projects and desires in a good life.
Loyalty(example of a virtue being discussed): Staying committed to and supporting a person, group, or principle even when it's difficult.
Moral reason(describing what the theory would justify): A legitimate ethical justification or cause for doing something—a reason that matters from a right-and-wrong perspective.
Morality proper(The statement suggests partiality might not belong in 'morality proper' but elsewhere): The core rules and principles about what is genuinely right or wrong—as opposed to personal preferences or what's merely convenient.

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Bernard Williams's own defense of partiality concedes it operates outside morality proper, undermining the claim that loyalty constitutes a *moral* reason rather than a personal one.