Both systems address identical metaphysical problems (unity/multiplicity, causation, participated being), suggesting sufficient conceptual overlap for disciplined comparative analysis.

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causation(Lewis's counterfactual theory of causation): Event C causes event E if and only if there exists a chain C, D1, …, Dn, E such that each member (except C) is counterfactually dependent on the preceding event; causation is the ancestral of counterfactual dependence
conceptual overlap(as used to describe the relationship between two systems): When two different systems or theories share common ideas, concerns, or ways of thinking about problems.
disciplined comparative analysis(as used to describe the kind of study that's possible): A careful, rigorous method of comparing two things side-by-side to understand their similarities and differences, following logical rules rather than casual observation.
metaphysical(Ayer's Logical Positivist usage): Language that purports to refer beyond the physical world and lacks empirical consequences, which Ayer classifies as not literally significant

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