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    Carnap and Hempel's confirmation theory shows that eviden... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Irrelevant premise fallacies and insufficient premise fallacies are meaningfully distinct categories.

    Carnap and Hempel's confirmation theory shows that evidential support admits of degrees with no principled zero-point distinguishing irrelevance from insufficiency.

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    Reasons For

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    • 1.Confirmation is a quantitative relation: evidence can partially support hypotheses, making degree-based accounts more accurate than binary models.
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    • 2.Any sharp threshold between 'irrelevant' and 'insufficient' evidence appears arbitrary; infinitesimal changes shouldn't flip relevance status.
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    • 3.Carnap-Hempel formalism demonstrates mathematically that confirmation functions yield continuous values, not discrete categories.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.Practical epistemic decisions require definite acceptance thresholds; a continuum without principled cutoffs leaves rational belief indeterminate.
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    • 2.Some evidence genuinely is causally/logically irrelevant (e.g., the color of a coin for predicting its weight), suggesting real discontinuities exist.
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    • 3.Confirmation degree measures may be useful tools without capturing the qualitative distinction between genuine evidential bearing and null correlation.
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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedPhilosophy of Language1 linked

    Related

    Any sharp threshold between 'irrelevant' and 'insufficient' evidence appears arb...Carnap-Hempel formalism demonstrates mathematically that confirmation functions ...Confirmation degree measures may be useful tools without capturing the qualitati...Confirmation is a quantitative relation: evidence can partially support hypothes...
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    Irrelevant premise fallacies and insufficient premise fallacies are meaningfully...Practical epistemic decisions require definite acceptance thresholds; a continuu...Some evidence genuinely is causally/logically irrelevant (e.g., the color of a c...

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