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Inverse View
It is not the case that Causal closure of the physical domain entails that every physical event has a sufficient physical cause, leaving no causal gap for freedom to occupy.
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Reasons For
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1.
Causal closure is an assumption, not an empirical finding; quantum indeterminacy suggests physical events can lack sufficient prior causes.
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2.
Compatibilists argue freedom requires only that actions flow from one's own desires and reasoning, not that they're uncaused.
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3.
Physical causation and agent causation may be distinct levels of explanation, not competing accounts requiring one to eliminate the other.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Physics describes reality at its most fundamental level; if physical closure fails, we need forces outside physics, which science cannot study.
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2.
Neural decisions correlate perfectly with brain states; no decisions occur without sufficient prior physical causes in the brain.
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3.
If freedom requires uncaused events, then free choices are random, not genuinely responsive to reasons or character.
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