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    Classical theists can consistently reject utilitarianism ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Marilyn McCord Adams argues that God's 'larger picture' justification mirrors precisely the consequentialist reasoning classical theists use to impugn utilitarian ethics.

    Classical theists can consistently reject utilitarianism while accepting divine justification by appealing to God's unique authority to override natural rights—a privilege humans lack.

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    Key Terms

    Divine justification(as what theists attempt to provide for God's behavior)
    A philosophical explanation for why God's actions are morally right or justified, even when they might seem wrong by human standards.
    Utilitarianism(One of Sidgwick's three methods of ethics)
    The view that an individual self-evidently ought to aim at the maximum balance of happiness for all sentient beings present and future, whatever the cost to herself; also called Universalistic Hedonism
    authority(as another method a physician might use to ensure patients comply with treatment)
    The power or right to make decisions and have others follow them, based on expertise or position. A doctor has authority because of their medical knowledge.
    classical theism(Contrasted with process theism in the debate over human freedom)
    The theological view, represented by Aquinas, that God's will is perfectly efficacious and that divine sovereignty is compatible with human freedom through dual sufficient causation

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    natural rights(The rights framework within which the argument about post-humans and disenfranchisement is conducted)
    Rights claimed by virtue of an entity's capacities or nature, not merely by legal or social convention

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