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It is not the case that Consequentialist frameworks like rule utilitarianism ground punishment in rules that themselves encode respect for persons as rational agents.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Rule utilitarianism still ultimately justifies punishment by consequences, not by respecting persons as ends—respect remains instrumental.
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2.
The 'rules' can be rewritten whenever consequences demand it, making the claim of robust respect for rational agency merely contingent.
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3.
Respecting persons as rational agents requires acknowledging desert and autonomy; pure consequentialism cannot ground these independent of utility.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Rules that maximize well-being can prohibit punishing innocents, treating all as rational agents capable of understanding rule systems.
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2.
Rule utilitarianism avoids instrumentalizing individuals by anchoring punishment in general rules, not case-by-case utility calculations.
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3.
Rational agents deserve transparency about punishment rules; rule frameworks provide this clarity that act utilitarianism cannot guarantee.
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