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Inverse View
It is not the case that Democratic legitimacy requires citizens to act on substantive moral commitments, not merely probabilistic hedges about value.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Moral certainty has historically justified oppression; probabilistic humility about value protects minorities better.
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2.
Citizens reasonably hold uncertain moral views on complex issues; requiring conviction excludes legitimate democratic voices.
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3.
Stable democracies often succeed through procedural compromise among people with conflicting substantive commitments.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Citizens acting on genuine moral conviction produce stable, motivated political participation rather than mere compliance.
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2.
A democracy where people merely calculate expected utilities treats fellow citizens as means, not as co-authors of shared law.
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3.
Legitimacy requires that laws reflect authentic public reasoning about justice, not aggregated indifference.
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