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It is not the case that Educational institutions must provide compensatory support for students with genetic disadvantages, not only those from disadvantaged family backgrounds.
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Rawls's difference principle addresses social institutions, not natural distributions, which fall outside the scope of basic structural justice.
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2.
Educational institutions are social structures whose obligations extend only to correcting socially produced inequalities, not naturally occurring ones.
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3.
Conflating natural and social disadvantages in institutional design collapses the distinction between what society owes persons and what nature merely imposes.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Norman Daniels argues that fair equality of opportunity requires only that social positions be open to those with relevant natural talents, not that talents themselves be equalized.
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2.
Compensating for genetic disadvantage presupposes a baseline of normal functioning that is itself philosophically contested and risks medicalizing ordinary human variation.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Equality of opportunity for flourishing requires that all students have equal prospects for living well regardless of differences in natural potentials.
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2.
Genetic differences constitute natural potentials that affect prospects for living well.
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3.
Educational institutions organized according to equality of opportunity for flourishing must compensate for all factors that create unequal prospects.
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