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    Carmelics

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    Home/Original/inverse
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    Inverse View

    It is not the case that Even if some qualitative property were universal among all extant species specimens after speciation, that property is not guaranteed to remain universal throughout the lifespan of the taxon

    ?Set your confidence on the premises below to see your aggregate.

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.Variability secured by mutation and recombination is the key to evolution
      ?

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    • 2.Evolutionary theory shows that universality at one moment does not entail universality across time
      ?

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    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Kripke's modal semantics distinguishes what is actually universal from what is necessarily universal across all possible worlds.
      ?

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    • 2.A property instantiated in all actual members of a taxon remains a contingent fact, not a de re necessity, unless grounded in essence.
      ?

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    • 3.Biological taxa lack the kind of intrinsic microstructural essence Kripke ascribes to natural kinds like water, making their properties modally fragile.
      ?

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    Reason against 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Hull's process ontology treats species as spatiotemporally extended individuals, not as types defined by fixed intrinsic properties.
      ?

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    • 2.If species are historical individuals rather than natural kinds, no property of current members logically constrains the properties of future members of that lineage.
      ?

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