Evolutionary objections target a specific version of the malfunction criterion, not the general project of grounding health and disease in normal functional decomposition.

Objections to an evolutionary notion of medical malfunction do not show that there is anything wrong with the general idea of basing judgments of health and disease on a scientifically established picture of the normal functional decomposition of human beings. However, on this account, it becomes harder to retain the conservative project that looks for the natural phenomena that fall under, and are therefore constrained by, our folk concepts of health and disease. Wakefield, for instance, thinks