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It is not the case that Failures of screening-off in the cited cases therefore indict the choice of causal variables rather than the Common Cause Principle itself.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
If the principle requires perfect variable selection to apply, it becomes unfalsifiable and loses predictive or explanatory force.
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2.
The burden of identifying missing variables should fall on the principle itself if it claims universal validity, not on practitioners.
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3.
Systematic screening-off failures across diverse domains suggest the principle may have genuine limits, not merely implementation problems.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
The Common Cause Principle is a formal principle about conditional independence, not about which variables are causally relevant to a domain.
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2.
When screening-off fails, we can always identify a missing variable that, if included, would restore the principle's predictions.
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3.
Blaming variable selection preserves the principle's explanatory power while allowing domain-specific refinement of causal models.
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