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Inverse View
It is not the case that Federations among politically distinct peoples are beneficial because they prevent wars among member units and protect against external aggression.
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Kant argued in 'Perpetual Peace' that a world federation risks becoming a despotism that suppresses internal dissent more effectively than separate states could.
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2.
The consolidation of power in federal institutions creates new sites of domination that can prosecute wars against member peoples rather than preventing them.
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3.
Historical federal unions—the antebellum U.S., the Soviet Union—demonstrate that federations can coercively suppress secession through internal military force.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Rousseau contended that confederations among unequal peoples tend toward hegemony, where dominant members exploit weaker ones under the guise of collective security.
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2.
The premise that federations reduce external aggression conflates the interests of the federal unit with the interests of constituent peoples, who may face new imperial threats from within.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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1.
Portions of mankind not disposed to live under a common government are prone to war among themselves.
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2.
Federations reduce the number of weak states, thereby reducing the temptation for external aggression.
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3.
Federations end wars and restrictions on commerce among member units.
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