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    Foot's supporting argument conflates the conditions for *... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Daring and boldness are not identical with the virtue of courage.

    Foot's supporting argument conflates the conditions for *virtuous* courage with the conditions for courage as such, a distinction Urmson and Geach both mark.

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    1 reason for
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    Reasons For

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    Reason for
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    • 1.Courage can manifest in morally neutral contexts (e.g., a courageous thief), distinguishing it from virtuous courage requiring right motivation.
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    • 2.Urmson and Geach explicitly differentiate between courage as a capacity and courage as a moral virtue, supporting the distinction claim.
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    • 3.Foot's argument requires courage to entail proper ends, conflating psychological capacity with ethical evaluation.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.Aristotle's virtue ethics, which Foot develops, defines virtues partly through their characteristic ends, making the conflation charge questionable.
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    • 2.Urmson and Geach may mark a distinction Foot intentionally rejects as philosophically unnecessary, not proving her argument commits an error.
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    • 3.The claim that courage "as such" exists independent of evaluative context itself requires substantiation beyond scholarly precedent.
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    Virtue Ethics1 linked

    Related

    Aristotle's virtue ethics, which Foot develops, defines virtues partly through t...Courage can manifest in morally neutral contexts (e.g., a courageous thief), dis...Daring and boldness are not identical with the virtue of courage.Foot's argument requires courage to entail proper ends, conflating psychological...
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    The claim that courage "as such" exists independent of evaluative context itself...Urmson and Geach explicitly differentiate between courage as a capacity and cour...Urmson and Geach may mark a distinction Foot intentionally rejects as philosophi...

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    2 (1 for, 1 against)
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