Freud's and later Panksepp's affective neuroscience tradition demonstrates that subcortical drive systems generate directed behavior prior to and independent of cortical representational states.

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Affective neuroscience(Describes the field that both Freud and Panksepp contributed to): The study of how emotions and feelings are produced by the brain's physical structures and chemistry.
Cortical representational states(The higher-level conscious thinking that the statement says comes *after* basic drives): Mental images, thoughts, and conscious awareness created by the thinking part of the brain (the cortex).
Drive systems(These subcortical systems generate behavior automatically): Biological urges and instincts (like hunger, sex, or aggression) that push an organism to take action.
Freud, Sigmund(His work on the unconscious mind forms the basis of the statement): An early 20th-century psychologist who argued that much of human behavior is driven by unconscious desires and instincts we're not aware of.

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