Gallie's notion of 'essentially contested concepts' presupposes genuine evaluative disagreement about paradigm cases, but theorists broadly agree on central cases of art such as Beethoven's symphonies or Rembrandt's paintings.

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Essentially contested concepts(as the main philosophical concept in the statement): Ideas or categories that are so tied to personal values and interpretations that people will never reach complete agreement on them, even if they're both being reasonable—like what counts as 'art' or what makes something 'beautiful.'
Evaluative disagreement(describing the kind of disagreement that characterizes contested concepts): A disagreement rooted in different values or judgments about what is good, bad, right, or wrong—as opposed to disagreeing about simple facts.
Gallie(as the originator of the theory being discussed): W.B. Gallie was a 20th-century philosopher who came up with the idea of 'essentially contested concepts'—terms that people will genuinely disagree about because they involve value judgments, not just factual disagreements.
paradigm cases(used to explain how we define concepts): The clearest, most obvious examples of something that help us understand what that thing is—like using a robin as the paradigm case of a bird.

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