Skip to content
Carmelics
Topics
Thinkers
Changes
Contributors
Loading account…
Statements
321,452
Perspectives
108,905
Topics
42
Home
/
Original
/
inverse
See Original
Inverse View
It is not the case that Gilbert's proposal to define Homo sapiens via DNA comparison to nonhuman primates relies on species essentialism, which is philosophically untenable.
?
Set your confidence on the premises below to see your aggregate.
Reasons For
1 perspective
Reason for
?
1.
Gilbert assumes species can be defined by properties universally shared among, and particular to, their members.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
2.
This assumption is species essentialism.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
3.
Species essentialism has long been challenged by philosophers of biology.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
Reasons Against
2 perspectives
Reason against 1 of 2
?
1.
Hull (1978) and Ghiselin (1974) established that species are historical individuals, not natural kinds defined by shared intrinsic properties.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
2.
DNA sequence thresholds between taxa are statistically constructed conventions, not discoveries of essential boundaries in nature.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
3.
If species lack essences, no percentage of genomic similarity can constitute a necessary or sufficient condition for species membership.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
Reason against 2 of 2
?
1.
Lewontin's (1972) finding that most human genetic variation exists within, not between, populations undermines genome-based typological demarcation.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
2.
A definition grounding Homo sapiens membership in primate DNA divergence would misclassify humans with atypical genomes, violating extensional adequacy.
?
How convincing is this?
Think about whether this reason is strong or weak
Next step
Based on where you are in your exploration
Strongest counterpoint
Explore the most compelling reason on the other side.