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    Goodman's problem of projectibility shows that any two ob... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Analogical reasoning can be justified by determination rules without trivializing the analogical argument

    Goodman's problem of projectibility shows that any two objects share infinitely many predicates, so no determination rule can non-arbitrarily privilege the relevant similarity dimensions.

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    Key Terms

    Goodman(the statement opens with his name)
    Nelson Goodman was a 20th-century philosopher who created a famous puzzle about how we learn from experience and make predictions based on patterns we've observed.
    Predicates(in logic and philosophy of language)
    Words or phrases that describe properties or characteristics of something—like 'is red' or 'is tall' in the sentence 'The ball is red.'
    Problem of projectibility(as the core concept being explained)
    A puzzle about why some observed patterns seem reasonable to use for predictions (like 'all emeralds are green') while others seem silly (like 'all emeralds are grue'—a made-up color meaning 'green before 2050, then blue').
    Similarity dimensions(as the different aspects we could use to say objects are similar)
    The different ways or angles from which two things can be compared as alike—for example, color, size, weight, or purpose.

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    arbitrary(Debate over Locke's watch passage and natural kind classification)
    Does not mean 'random' or that all qualities are equally adequate as differentia; refers instead to the availability of multiple similarly good and natural grounds for classification.
    determination rule(Used to justify analogical reasoning by grounding the transfer of properties from source to target domain)
    A rule specifying that the value of a property Q in a domain is fully determined by a set of variables P_i, such that any two objects indistinguishable on each P_i will share the same value for Q

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedCausation1 linked

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    Analogical reasoning can be justified by determination rules without trivializin...

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