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    Gradual evolutionary change, including speciation, produc... — Carmelics
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    Home/Philosophy of Language
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    Supports→Species lack categorical distinctness and therefore fail to qualify as natural kinds.

    Gradual evolutionary change, including speciation, produces continuous variation rather than categorical boundaries between species.

    CausationPhilosophy of Language
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    Philosophy of LanguageCausation

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    Natural kinds must be categorically distinct from one another.Species lack categorical distinctness and therefore fail to qualify as natural k...

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    Gradual evolutionary change, even through speciation, means species wi...90%If species are to evolve in non-trivial ways by natural selection, spe...86%Long-term evolution introduces new genetic variation through an infini...83%Evolutionary change may eliminate phenotypic properties shared by memb...82%

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    The second consequence implies that intrinsic similarity is not necessary for membership of the same species. There exists a high degree of variation in intraspecific morphology and genetic makeup. While members of kinds need not be intrinsically identical (e.g., there may be isotopic variation between samples of a chemical element), there will nonetheless be certain distinctive intrinsic natural properties common to all members of the kind (e.g., nuclear charge in the case of atoms of the same

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