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    Hamblin's 'Fallacies' (1970) demonstrated that attempts t... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The epistemic approach to fallacies will include logical fallacies, but logical fallacies must also be explicable in terms of epistemic seriousness.

    Hamblin's 'Fallacies' (1970) demonstrated that attempts to unify fallacy theory under a single normative framework consistently fail to capture the heterogeneity of fallacious reasoning.

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    Key Terms

    Fallacious reasoning(The statement suggests we shouldn't assume wizards are using bad logic if they actually have real astronomical knowledge.)
    Logic that sounds okay on the surface but contains a hidden mistake or flaw that makes the conclusion unreliable.
    Fallacy theory(logic and argumentation)
    The philosophical study of logical fallacies—mistakes in reasoning that make arguments invalid or unconvincing, even when they might trick people into believing them.
    Hamblin(a theorist who identified new types of logical errors missed by earlier classifications)
    Charles Hamblin, a 20th-century philosopher who showed that the traditional rules for evaluating arguments were incomplete and didn't account for how arguments actually work in real conversations.
    Normative framework(the broader system of rules that might underlie moral language)
    A set of rules or standards about how things *should* be or *ought* to be done, rather than how they actually are.

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    fallacies(Bentham's political conception, distinct from logical or scientific fallacies)
    Arguments or topics that through the use of deception produce erroneous beliefs in people
    heterogeneity(describing everyday life)
    A mixture of different, varied, and unrelated things all happening together—like how your day might include eating breakfast, texting friends, doing homework, and watching TV all at once.

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    The epistemic approach to fallacies will include logical fallacies, but logical ...

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