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It is not the case that Harsanyi's type space construction assumes common knowledge of the prior, but this assumption is not derivable from the relational model structure alone.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
The relational model already encodes beliefs through type-dependent belief functions, which implicitly determine a unique consistent prior via Bayesian rationality.
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2.
Any coherent assignment of types that respects the relational structure automatically satisfies common knowledge of the prior under standard rationality assumptions.
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3.
Treating the prior as separately 'derivable' misunderstands that Harsanyi's construction is a representation theorem mapping structures into a specific mathematical form, not an inference problem.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Relational models specify agent beliefs about states and payoffs, but say nothing about beliefs about the probability distribution over states themselves.
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2.
Common knowledge of the prior requires agreement on beliefs about beliefs across all possible types, which is a substantive epistemic requirement beyond relational structure.
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3.
Harsanyi's construction imposes the prior as an external constraint; it is not logically entailed by the relational specification of preferences and information partitions.
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