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    Inverse View

    It is not the case that Hesse's material analogy framework (1966) provides systematic criteria—causal relevance, similarity of structure—constituting a rule-governed account.

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    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
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    • 1.Determining 'causal relevance' itself requires prior theoretical knowledge; the criteria presuppose rather than independently establish valid analogies.
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    • 2.Structural similarity is underdetermined—any two systems share infinite similarities; Hesse's criteria lack principled rules for selecting relevant structures.
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    • 3.Rule-governed frameworks struggle with creative analogies that succeed despite violating stated criteria, suggesting systematic rules are insufficient.
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    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
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    • 1.Analogical reasoning requires systematic constraints to avoid arbitrary mappings; Hesse's criteria provide explicit, testable rules for valid analogies.
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    • 2.Causal relevance and structural similarity are empirically observable features; grounding analogy in these criteria makes it scientifically rigorous.
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    • 3.Rule-governed accounts enable criticism and improvement of analogical arguments; Hesse's framework makes implicit reasoning explicit and falsifiable.
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