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Inverse View
It is not the case that Humans understand the mental states of others by using their own mental systems to simulate the thoughts and decisions of those others.
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Folk psychological understanding of others proceeds primarily via inference to theoretical generalizations about behavior, not simulation (Fodor, 1987).
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2.
If simulation were the primary mechanism, we would expect systematic failures when simulating radically different minds, yet theory-like generalizations succeed cross-culturally.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Simulation theory presupposes we already know which mental states to feed as inputs, requiring prior theoretical knowledge of others' minds (Stich & Nichols, 1992).
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2.
This bootstrapping problem entails that simulation is derivative of, not prior to, theoretical understanding of mental state categories.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
We have a capacity to run our own inferential and decision-making systems offline.
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2.
Running these systems offline allows us to model or simulate another person's reasoning.
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