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    If all knowledge, including putatively a priori knowledge... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Valid a priori cognition is possible because both subject and object are determined by shared ontological principles that are structurally superior to both.

    If all knowledge, including putatively a priori knowledge, is revisable under sufficient empirical pressure, then no shared ontological structure can guarantee the invariant validity Hartmann's account requires.

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    Key Terms

    Hartmann(the philosopher whose theory is being evaluated in this statement)
    Nicolai Hartmann was a 20th-century German philosopher who developed theories about how knowledge and reality relate to each other.
    Revisable(as used in logical analysis)
    Capable of being changed, overturned, or reconsidered based on new evidence or under different conditions.
    a priori knowledge(Mill's critique of intuitionism)
    Knowledge claimed to be independent of experience, associated with the intuitionist school; Mill denies its existence as part of his radical empiricism.
    empirical pressure(as the force that might change arithmetic truths)
    New observations or experiments from the real world that force us to reconsider what we thought was true.
    invariant validity

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    (what Hartmann's theory is said to require)
    Staying true and reliable no matter what changes or new situations come up; never becoming false or questionable.
    knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
    Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.
    ontological structure(in metaphysics)
    The fundamental way that things are organized and exist in reality, including what kinds of things there are and how they relate to each other.

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    2 topics

    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedModality & Possibility1 linked

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    Valid a priori cognition is possible because both subject and object are determi...

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