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    If 'and' is polysemous between a collective-forming and a... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The collective-distributive ambiguity in sentences like 'John and Jane moved a piano' is not due to an ambiguity in the conjunction 'and'

    If 'and' is polysemous between a collective-forming and a distributive-forming operator, speakers can pragmatically resolve each conjunct independently, preserving felicity in mixed readings.

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    Key Terms

    collective-forming operator(one of the two main ways 'and' can work in sentences)
    A way of combining things where they're treated as a single group working together (like 'Alice and Bob went to the store together' means they went as one group).
    conjunct(logic and philosophy of language)
    One part of a statement that's connected to another part using 'and.' In this case, the two conjuncts are 'it is raining' and 'I do not know that it is raining.'
    distributive-forming operator(the other main way 'and' can work in sentences)
    A way of combining things where you treat each item separately (like 'Alice and Bob are tall' means each of them individually is tall).
    felicity(Al-Farabi's political philosophy)
    The state of happiness or flourishing that constitutes the end goal of human life, attainable in principle by all members of society.

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    mixed readings(sentences where 'and' doesn't function the same way throughout)
    When different parts of a sentence are understood in different ways—like some parts treated collectively while others are treated individually.
    polysemous(describing how the word 'and' can function in different ways)
    A word or phrase that has multiple different meanings depending on how it's used.
    pragmatically resolve(how listeners understand which meaning of 'and' is intended)
    Figure out what someone actually means based on context and real-world understanding, rather than just strict grammatical rules.

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    Philosophy of Language1 linked

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    The collective-distributive ambiguity in sentences like 'John and Jane moved a p...

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