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    If causal powers are defined by observed regularities rat... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Matter and motion cannot produce thought and consciousness.

    If causal powers are defined by observed regularities rather than metaphysical resemblance, there is no principled barrier to complex neural processes regularly producing conscious states.

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    Key Terms

    Metaphysical resemblance(as used in philosophy of mind)
    The idea that two things have deep, hidden similarities in their essential nature that explain why they behave the same way.
    Neural processes(as used in philosophy of mind)
    The physical activities happening in your brain—chemical reactions and electrical signals between brain cells.
    causal powers(Argued to be intrinsic features of the entity)
    The capacity of an entity to produce effects.
    conscious states(as used in philosophy of mind)
    Moments of subjective experience or awareness—like feeling happy, seeing red, or being in pain.
    metaphysical(Ayer's Logical Positivist usage)

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    Language that purports to refer beyond the physical world and lacks empirical consequences, which Ayer classifies as not literally significant
    observed regularities(describes the normal, repeatable behaviors of the natural world)
    Patterns in nature that we consistently see happen the same way—like objects falling down or water boiling at a certain temperature.
    principled barrier(as used in philosophy of art)
    A fundamental logical or conceptual reason why something cannot happen, rather than just a practical difficulty.

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    Consciousness & Mind1 linked

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    Matter and motion cannot produce thought and consciousness.

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