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    If certainty is always relativized to a reference class o... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Certainty in the context of immediate judgments must be taken in a subjective sense, not an objective sense

    If certainty is always relativized to a reference class of propositions, then so-called 'subjective' certainty in immediate judgment can be reconstructed as objective certainty relative to the proposition set constituting that subject's epistemic state.

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    Key Terms

    Certainty(Rosmini, NE, vol. 3, 1044)
    A firm and reasonable persuasion that conforms to the truth; a characteristic of the person who knows
    Immediate judgment(Bolzano's epistemology)
    A judgment that is not mediated by inference from other judgments; immediate judgments cannot be false and are subjectively certain
    Objective certainty(certainty that holds true regardless of who's judging it)
    Being sure about something based on facts or logic that don't depend on anyone's personal feelings or perspective.
    Reconstructed(as used in describing how consciousness works)
    Built or put back together again, often after the fact—suggesting the memory or awareness is being reassembled rather than being directly available.
    Reference class

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    (Boorse's biostatistical theory)
    A biologically relevant subgroup of a species used to specify the population mean against which individual functional efficiency is measured, accounting for the fact that not all members of a species share the same design in every respect
    Relativized(describing what happens when the two-truths framework is altered)
    Made dependent on perspective, context, or conditions rather than being absolute and unchanging.
    Subjective certainty(as used to describe how certain thinkers felt about their beliefs)
    A feeling of absolute confidence or conviction that something is true, based on your own personal experience or judgment.
    epistemic state(used interchangeably with 'cognitive state' in the passage)
    A cognitive state; the way things are represented or appear from the standpoint of a knowing subject
    propositions(Answer to the question of what metaphysical category propositions belong to)
    Entities belonging to a sui generis metaphysical category of their own kind, not reducible to other categories

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedSkepticism1 linked

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