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It is not the case that If culling a white-tailed deer is necessary for the protection of the holistic biotic good, then culling that deer is a land-ethical requirement
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Moral obligations cannot be derived solely from ecological function, as 'is' (ecological necessity) does not entail 'ought' (ethical requirement).
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2.
Leopold's land ethic describes tendencies of ecologically informed conscience, not algorithmic obligations that override all competing moral considerations.
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3.
Tom Regan's rights-based critique holds that subjects-of-a-life possess inherent value that cannot be overridden by aggregative community goods.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
The 'holistic biotic good' is not a determinate, observer-independent fact but a contested normative framing that presupposes contested ecological baselines.
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2.
If the criterion for culling is itself normatively loaded, then the land-ethical requirement is circular and cannot serve as an independent moral justification.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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1.
Individual members of the biotic community ought to be sacrificed when needed for the holistic good of the community
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2.
A white-tailed deer is an individual member of the biotic community
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