If disease categories are partly constituted by social and evaluative practices, as Engelhardt argued, then conceptual analysis of those practices is irreducible to ontological inquiry.
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disease categories(as used in philosophy of medicine)
The different ways we classify and define what counts as a disease—like how we distinguish depression from sadness, or one type of cancer from another.
irreducible to(philosophy of science)
Cannot be broken down into or explained solely by something else; requires its own separate explanation.
social and evaluative practices(as the social influences that shape disease categories)
The ways society operates and judges things—like deciding what counts as 'sick' based on cultural norms and values, rather than pure science alone.