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    If drift and selection are distinguished only by whether ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Drift is an evolutionary force, but a force of a different color from selection, mutation, and migration.

    If drift and selection are distinguished only by whether expected change is zero, this is a difference of degree in directional bias, not a difference in causal kind.

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    Reasons For

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    Reason for
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    • 1.Both drift and selection produce allele frequency changes through probabilistic mechanisms operating on reproductive variation.
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    • 2.Expected change of zero is merely a quantitative threshold, not a qualitatively distinct causal process or mechanism.
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    • 3.Other continuous biological phenomena (mutation rates, selection coefficients) vary by degree without constituting different causal kinds.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.Selection requires heritable phenotypic variation affecting fitness; drift operates without this prerequisite—a qualitative difference.
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    • 2.Zero expected change fundamentally alters predictability and evolutionary trajectory in ways that constitute distinct causal architectures.
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    • 3.Causal kinds are defined by mechanism type (differential reproduction vs. sampling error), not merely expected quantitative outcomes.
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    Related

    Both drift and selection produce allele frequency changes through probabilistic ...Causal kinds are defined by mechanism type (differential reproduction vs. sampli...Drift is an evolutionary force, but a force of a different color from selection,...Expected change of zero is merely a quantitative threshold, not a qualitatively ...
    +3 moreShow less
    Other continuous biological phenomena (mutation rates, selection coefficients) v...Selection requires heritable phenotypic variation affecting fitness; drift opera...Zero expected change fundamentally alters predictability and evolutionary trajec...

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