If drift and selection are not ontologically distinct causal processes, the claim that they 'simultaneously occur' misrepresents a single causal process under two mathematical descriptions.

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Ontologically distinct(as what Aristotle argues perception and reason are NOT): Completely separate in what they actually *are* as things—not just different functions, but fundamentally different kinds of existence.
causal process(used in philosophy of causation): A series of events where one thing happens because of another, like dominoes falling in a line where each one knocks down the next.
drift and selection(as used in philosophy of biology): Two mechanisms in evolutionary biology: drift is random change in populations (like mutations happening by chance), and selection is when certain traits become more common because they help survival (like natural selection).
mathematical description(as used in philosophy of science): A way of representing or explaining something using math equations and formulas, which can sometimes describe the same real-world process in different ways.

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