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    If drift and selection produce identical observable outco... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The persistence of biologists' debates over the relative importance of drift and selection is explicable without making those debates seem trivial

    If drift and selection produce identical observable outcomes, any methodological persistence in debating their relative contributions cannot be grounded in empirical evidence and thus lacks epistemic justification.

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    Key Terms

    Empirical evidence(as a source of justification for knowledge)
    Information or proof based on real-world observation and experience, rather than just theory or reasoning alone.
    Methodological persistence(in philosophy of science)
    Continuing to use the same approach or method to study something over and over again.
    Observable outcomes(in scientific methodology)
    Things we can actually see, measure, or detect in the real world.
    Selection(as the mechanism being applied across different domains)
    A process where certain traits or characteristics survive and spread because they work better than others, like how the strongest animals are more likely to survive and have offspring.
    drift(Forces debate in philosophy of evolutionary biology)

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    A process in population genetics associated with eliminating heterozygosity; on Brandon's view it is a law but not a force; on Filler's and Pence's views it qualifies as a force with stochastically specified direction
    epistemic justification(Cresto's framing of the justification condition she argues is not always necessary)
    A condition for knowledge that can be understood either in internalist or externalist terms

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedSkepticism1 linked

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    The persistence of biologists' debates over the relative importance of drift and...

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