If Humean 'calm passions' can be mistaken for pure rational determinations, as Hume himself acknowledges, the phenomenological and functional difference Kant claims may be less categorical than the claim asserts.

?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.

No one has weighed in yet. Be the first to share reasons for or against this statement.

David Hume(as referenced in the statement): An 18th-century Scottish philosopher who argued that our desires and emotions, not reason alone, drive our actions and decisions.
Functional difference(as used to contrast with appearance or feeling): A difference in how something actually works or operates—what it does and how it behaves—rather than just how it appears.
Humean 'calm passions'(as used in philosophy of mind and emotion): David Hume's idea that some emotions or desires are gentle and steady (like a preference for something) rather than intense and overwhelming, and he thought these calm feelings might look like pure logical thinking even though they're actually based on emotion.
Immanuel Kant(as the originator of this concept): An 18th-century German philosopher who developed major ideas about ethics, reasoning, and how we understand the world; he's famous for arguing that morality is based on universal rules that apply to everyone equally.

Based on where you are in your exploration