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    If intrinsic value in nature must ultimately be grounded ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→A wider consequentialist approach may be more compatible with environmental ethics than utilitarian ethics.

    If intrinsic value in nature must ultimately be grounded in conscious experience to be action-guiding, wider consequentialism collapses back into a sentience-centered framework indistinguishable from sophisticated utilitarianism.

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    Key Terms

    Action-guiding(as used in ethics)
    Capable of actually helping someone decide what to do in a real situation, rather than being purely theoretical.
    Sentience-centered(in ethics)
    Focused only on beings that can feel or experience things (like animals and humans), treating their capacity to suffer or feel pleasure as the only thing that truly matters morally.
    Sophisticated utilitarianism(in ethics)
    A more refined version of utilitarianism that considers complexity like long-term effects, indirect consequences, and nuance—rather than just calculating happiness in simple, obvious ways.
    Utilitarianism(One of Sidgwick's three methods of ethics)
    The view that an individual self-evidently ought to aim at the maximum balance of happiness for all sentient beings present and future, whatever the cost to herself; also called Universalistic Hedonism

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    Wider consequentialism(in environmental ethics)
    A version of consequentialism that tries to value things beyond just animal suffering and pleasure—like ecosystems, beauty, or biodiversity—as morally important outcomes.
    consequentialism(Applied to terrorism and legal punishment)
    The view that practices are judged solely by their consequences, such that a practice is wrong only if it has bad consequences on balance.
    intrinsic value(Callicott (1980) in contrast to individualistic environmental ethics)
    Value possessed in and of itself, not derived from contribution to something else; in Callicott's holism, attributed exclusively to the biotic community as a whole rather than to individual organisms

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    A wider consequentialist approach may be more compatible with environmental ethi...

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