If personal identity is not what matters for survival, then the psychological continuity grounding responsibility is severed from the biographical self who actually performed X's crimes.

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Biographical self(as used in philosophy of personal identity): The person as they existed at a particular point in their life history, with all their specific experiences and characteristics at that time.
grounding(Drawn from contemporary metaphysics; proposed as potentially applicable to understanding the foundations of legality.): A metaphysical relation in which some entities or facts are more foundational than others, providing a hierarchical structure of the world.
personal identity(Philosophy of personal identity): The relation of sameness holding between a person existing at one time and something existing at another time, analyzed here in terms of psychological continuity
psychological continuity(Philosophy of personal identity): A relation holding between a person at one time and a being at a later time when the later being inherits the memories, intentions, beliefs, and psychological states of the earlier person.

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