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Inverse View
It is not the case that If realist commitment is cashed out in structural rather than entity terms, mistaken ontologies of past theories do not constitute refutations of realism.
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Reasons For
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1.
Distinguishing preserved 'structures' from abandoned 'entities' requires independent criteria—unclear without ontological commitment to something.
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2.
If structures are abstract patterns, realism about them seems weaker than traditional entity realism and closer to instrumentalism.
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3.
Past theories' structural claims were often wrong too (e.g., caloric fluid's causal role in heat transfer), so structure-ontology immunity is overstated.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Past theories often preserved structural relationships even when entity claims proved false (e.g., Newtonian to relativistic gravity).
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2.
Structural realism avoids the problem of explaining why false entity ontologies should undermine confidence in scientific method itself.
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3.
If reality's fundamental nature is relational/structural rather than substance-based, then entity errors don't threaten realist claims.
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